<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<ArticleSet>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>isfcppharmaspire</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Pharmaspire</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>C</PISSN>
      <EISSN>o</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>Volume 13, Issue 4 </Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>October - December, 2021</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>-0001</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Pharmaceutics</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Alopecia areata: Pathophysiology, causes, and herbal treatment</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>144</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>150</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Jaspreet</FirstName>
          <LastName>Kaur</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Gursharan</FirstName>
          <LastName>Kaur</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Amandeep</FirstName>
          <LastName>Singh</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>Alopecia areata is a pervasive immune system skin disease bringing about the deficiency of hair on the scalp and somewhere else on the body. It generally begins with at least one little, round, smooth patch on the scalp and can advance to add up to scalp going bald (alopecia totalis) or complete body balding (alopecia universalis). The scalp is the most ordinarily affected region; however, the facial hair or any hair-bearing site can be influenced alone or along with the scalp. Alopecia areata happens in males and females from infants to elders, however, beginning frequently happens among children. Over individuals, 147 million worldwide have, had, or will develop alopecia areata eventually in their lives. As indicated by Ayurveda, pitta dosha is the essential driver of balding. Pitta dosha could be turned around through diet and way of lifestyle. Herbal medication for balding contains herbs that can control hair fall and further develop hair growth.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>Alopecia areata, pathophysiology, drug-induced alopecia, herbal management</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://isfcppharmaspire.com/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=13762&amp;title=Alopecia areata: Pathophysiology, causes, and herbal treatment</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References>Szabo G. The regional anatomy of the human integument with special reference to the distribution of hair follicles. Sweat Glands Melanoc 1967;252:447-85.&#13;
	Stenn SK, Paus R. Controls of hair follicle cycling. Physiol Rev 2001;81:449-94.&#13;
	Eruk OA. Immunopathogenesis of Primary Cicatricial Alopecia. England: The University of Manchester; 2013.&#13;
	Mand;uuml;ller-Rand;ouml;ver S, Handjiski B, van der Veen C, Eichmand;uuml;ller S, Foitzik K, McKay IA, et al. A comprehensive guide for the accurate classification of murine hair follicles in distinct hair cycle stages. J Investig Dermatol 2001;117:3-15.&#13;
	Lavker RM, Miller S, Wilson C, Cotsarelis G, Wei ZG, Yang JS, et al. Hair follicle stem cells: Their location, role in hair cycle, and involvement in skin tumor formation. J Investig Dermatol 1993;101:S16-26.&#13;
	Paus R, Foitzik K. In search of the “hair cycle clock”: A guided tour. Differentiation 2004;72:489-511.&#13;
	Peus D, Pittelkow MR. Growth factors in hair organ development and the hair growth cycle. Dermatol Clin 1996;14:559-72.&#13;
	and;Ouml;zkaya E, Yazgano?lu KD. General aspects of adverse cutaneous drug reactions. In: Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reactions to Cardiovascular Drugs. London: Springer; 2014. p. 3-63.&#13;
	Fabbrocini G, Cantelli M, Masarand;agrave; A, Annunziata MC, Marasca C, Cacciapuoti S. Female pattern hair loss: A clinical, pathophysiologic, and therapeutic review. Int J Womens Dermatol 2018;4:203-11.&#13;
	Ramos PM, Miot HA. Female pattern hair loss: A clinical and pathophysiological review. Anais Bras Dermatol 2015;90:529-43.&#13;
	Hublin C, Kaprio J, Partinen M, Heikkiland;auml; K, Koskenvuo M. Prevalence and genetics of sleepwalking: A population-based twin study. Neurology 1997;48:177-81.&#13;
	Speer MC, Enterline DS, Mehltretter L, Hammock P, Joseph J, Dickerson M, et al. Chiari Type I malformation with or without syringomyelia: Prevalence and genetics. J Genetic Counseling 2003;12:297-311.&#13;
	Mecklenburg L, Linek M, Tobin DJ. Hair Loss Disorders in Domestic Animals. United States: John Wiley and; Sons; 2009.&#13;
	Muthu C, Ayyanar M, Raja N, Ignacimuthu S. Medicinal plants used by traditional healers in Kancheepuram District of Tamil Nadu, India. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2006;2:1-10.&#13;
	Gerkowicz A, Chyl-Surdacka K, Krasowska D, Chodorowska G. The role of Vitamin D in non-scarring alopecia. Int J Mol Sci 2017;18:2653.&#13;
	Hanly AJ, Jorda M, Badiavas E, Valencia I, Elgart GW. Postoperative pressureinduced alopecia: Report of a case and discussion of the role of apoptosis in non-scarring alopecia. J Cutaneous Pathol 1999;26:357-61.&#13;
	Priego-Recio CM, Rodrand;iacute;guez-Pichardo A, Camacho-Martand;iacute;nez FM. Unusual forms of alopecia areata in a trichology unit. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014;28:1394-6.&#13;
	Amin SS, Sachdeva S. Alopecia areata: A review. J Saudi Soc Dermatol Dermatol Surg 2013;17:37-45.&#13;
	Pinkus H. Alopecia mucinosa: Inflammatory plaques with alopecia characterized by root-sheath mucinosis. Arch Dermatol 1983;119:690-7.&#13;
	Flamm A, Moshiri AS, Roche F, Onyekaba G, Nguyen J, James AJ. Characterization of the inflammatory features of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. J Cutaneous Pathol 2020;47:530-4.&#13;
	Messenger AG, Bleehen SS. Alopecia areata: Light and electron microscopic pathology of the regrowing white hair. Br J Dermatol 1984;110:155-62.&#13;
	Asz-Sigall D, Ortega-Springall MF, Smith-Pliego M, Rodrand;iacute;guez-Lobato E, Martinez-Velasco MA, Arenas R, et al. White hair in alopecia areata: Clinical forms and proposed physiopathological mechanisms. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019.&#13;
	Jalalat SZ, Kelsoe JR, Cohen PR. Alopecia areata with white hair regrowth: Case report and review of poliosis. Dermatol Online J 2014;20:13030.&#13;
	Pettit GR, Srirangam JK, Barkoczy J, Williams MD, Durkin KP, Boyd MR, et al. Antineoplastic agents 337. Synthesis of dolastatin 10 structural modifications. Anti Cancer Drug Design 1995;10:529-44.&#13;
	Sadick N, Arruda S. Understanding causes of hair loss in women. Dermatol Clin 2021;39:371-4.&#13;
	Phillips TG, Slomiany WP, Allison R. Hair loss: Common causes and treatment. Am Family Physician 2017;96:371-8.&#13;
	Pragst F, Balikova MA. State of the art in hair analysis for detection of drug and alcohol abuse. Clin Chim Acta 2006;370:17-49.&#13;
	Hoffmann R, Eicheler W, Huth A, Wenzel E, Happle R. Cytokines and growth factors influence hair growth in vitro. Possible implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of alopecia areata. Arch Dermatol Res 1996;288:153-6.&#13;
	Tosti A, Misciali C, Piraccini BM, Peluso AM, Bardazzi F. Drug-induced hair loss and hair growth. Drug Saf 1994;10:310-7.&#13;
	Schalka S, Bombarda PC, Canale C. Nutraceutical compound for the treatment of telogen effluvium associated with brittle nails syndrome. Surg Cosmet Dermatol 2018;10:53-8.&#13;
	Goichot B. Antithyroid drugs. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2246-7.&#13;
	Taurog A. The mechanism of action of the thioureylene antithyroid drugs. Endocrinology 1976;98:1031-46.&#13;
	Finner AM. Nutrition and hair: Deficiencies and supplements. Dermatol Clin 2012;31:167-72.&#13;
	Guo EL, Katta R. Diet and hair loss: Effects of nutrient deficiency and supplement use. Dermatol Pract Concept 2017;7:1-10.&#13;
	Messenger AG, Slater DN, Bleehen SS. Alopecia areata: Alterations in the hair growth cycle and correlation with the follicular pathology. Br J Dermatol 1986;114:337-47.&#13;
	Lourith N, Kanlayavattanakul M. Hair loss and herbs for treatment. J Cosmet Dermatol 2013;12:210-22.&#13;
	Agrawal SS, Ahmad M, Mazhar M. Therapeutic potential of some medicinal plants in alopecia Int J Innov Sci Res Technol 2018;3:290-6.&#13;
	Uzoigwe CE, Franco LC, Conde IG, Campoy AS. Male pattern hair loss: Taking one for the team: The selfless gene. Med Hypotheses 2018;114:1-4.&#13;
	Bahmani M, Sarrafchi A, Shirzad H, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Autism: Pathophysiology and promising herbal remedies. Curr Pharm Design 2016;22:277-85.&#13;
	Ferraz MF, de Souza MS. Analysis of tear production in patients with periocular alopecia: A retrospective study between the years 2008 and 2012 at the Veterinary Hospital of the Londrina State University. Semina 2014;35:2443-51.&#13;
	Chase HB, Montagna W, Malone JD. Changes in the skin in relation to the hair growth cycle. The Anat Rec 1953;116:75-81.</References>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
</ArticleSet>