PHARMASPIRE - Volume 13, Issue 4 , October - December, 2021

Pages: 140-143
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Retinal microvascular abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction in older patients with Type-II diabetes mellitus

Author: Goyal Dimple, Johal Sunmeet, Kosey Sourabh

Category: Pharmaceutics

Abstract:

The main aim of this prospective study was to determine whether several parameters of retinal microvascular abnormality were related to cognitive ability and to estimate cognitive impairment in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and was carried out for six months in Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab. Among 75 study participants, 66.7% were males and 33.3% were females. The mean age of the patients was 63.95 years. A large number of the study population, up to 38.6% suffered diabetes from 11 to 15 years where 40% had early macular edema due to retinopathy. The majority of study participants, up to 33.33% were found not to have a cognitive impairment, 40% had mild cognitive impairment, 20% had moderate cognitive impairment, and 6.64% were to have severe cognitive impairment. The Pearson Correlation between age, duration of diabetes, Stage of Binocular digital retinal photography and Cognitive Impairment was found to be Strong (r = 0.690, 0.720, 0.675, 0.651) and statistically significant (P < 0.01) at 95% Confidence Interval. These results conclude that the prevalence of retinal microvascular abnormalities was higher in males than females and shows a strong correlation between age, duration of diabetes, Stage of Binocular digital retinal photography, and Cognitive Impairment. This study suggests that people with a history of diabetes and retinal microvascular abnormalities are prone to reduced cognitive ability and cognitive decline. However, further investigation is required to confirm the relation between retinal microvascular disease and cognitive decline.

Keywords: Cognitive dysfunction, diabetic retinopathy, retinal microvascular abnormalities, Type-2 diabetes mellitus

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